Tag Archives: Ispaster

#EuskalWest2013

In memory of Lydia (Sillonis Chacartegui) Jausoro (1920-2013)

“When he first came to the mountains his life was far away… He climbed cathedral mountains. Saw silver clouds below. Saw everything as far as you can see. And they say that he got crazy once. And he tried to touch the sun…”

John Denver (Rocky Mountain High, 1972)

By the time “Rocky Mountain High” became one of the most popular folk songs in America, the North American Basque Organizations (NABO) was an incipient reality. During a visit to Argentina, Basque-Puerto Rican bibliographer Jon Bilbao Azkarreta learnt about the Federation of Basque Argentinean Entities (FEVA in its Spanish acronym), which was established in 1955. Bilbao, through the Center for Basque Studies (the then Basque Studies Program) at the University of Nevada, Reno, was the promoter of a series of encounters among Basque associations and individuals, which led to the establishment of NABO in 1973. Its founding members were the clubs of Bakersfield and San Francisco (California); Ontario (Oregon); Boise (Idaho); Grand Junction (Colorado); and Elko, Ely, and Reno (Nevada).

Following last year’s field trip into the Basque-American memory landscape of migration and settlement throughout the American West, I arrived on time for the celebration of the 40th anniversary of NABO that took place in Elko, Nevada, during the first weekend of July. NABO’s 2013 convention was hosted by the Euzkaldunak Basque club, which coincidentally celebrated the 50th anniversary of its National Basque Festival.

NABO-Convention-2013-ElkoNorth American Basque Organizations’ officers, delegates and guests. (Elko, Nevada. July 5th.) (For further information please read Argitxu Camus’ book on the history of NABO.)

On the last day of the festival, NABO president, Valerie Arrechea, presented NABO’s “Bizi Emankorra” or lifetime achievement award to Jim Ithurralde (Eureka, Nevada) and Bob Goicoechea (Elko) for their significant contribution to NABO. Both men were instrumental in the creation of an embryonic Basque federation back in 1973.

Goicoechea-Arrechea-IthurraldeBob Goicoechea (on the right), Valerie Arrechea, and Jim Ithurralde. (Elko, Nevada, July 7th.)

The main goal of my latest summer trip was to initiate a community-based project, called “Memoria Bizia” (The Living Memory), with the goals of collecting, preserving and disseminating the personal oral recollections and testimonies of those who left their country of birth as well as their descendants born in the United States and Canada. Indeed, we are witnessing how rapidly the last Basque migrant and exile generation is unfortunately vanishing. Consequently, I was thrilled to learn that NABO will lead the initiative. The collaboration and active involvement of the Basque communities in the project is paramount for its success. Can we afford to lose our past as told by the people who went through the actual process of migrating and resettlement? Please watch the following video so that you may get a better idea of what the NABO Memoria Bizia project may look like.

This video “Gure Bizitzen Pasarteak—Fragments of our lives” was recorded in 2012, and it shows a selection of interviews conducted with Basque refugees, exiles and emigrants that returned to the Basque Country. The video is part of a larger oral history research project at the University of Deusto.

While being at the Center for Basque Studies in Reno, the road took me to different Basque gatherings in Elko, San Francisco, and Boise.

Basque-Library-RenoBasque Studies Library sign outside the Knowledge Center, University of Nevada, Reno. Established in the late 1960s, the Basque library is the largest repository of its kind outside Europe.

Jordan-Valley-Basque-SignOn the US-95 North going through Jordan Valley, Oregon.

During my stay I was lucky to conduct a couple of interviews with two elder Basque-American women. One of them was Lydia Victoria Jausoro, “Amuma Lil,” who sadly passed away on November 14th at the age of 93. Lydia was born in 1920 in Mountain Home (Idaho) to Pablo Sillonis and Julia Chacartegui. Her dad was born in Ispaster in 1881 and her mother in the nearby town of Lekeitio in 1888. Both Pablo and Julia left the Basque province of Bizkaia in 1900 and 1905 respectively. They met in Boise, where they married. Soon after, Lydia’s parents moved to Mountain Home, where she grew up. She had five brothers. Lydia went to the Boise Business University and later on, in 1946, married Louie Jausoro Mallea in Nampa. Lydia and Louie had two daughters, Juliana and Robbie Lou. (Louie was born in 1919 in Silver City (Idaho) and died in 2005 in Boise. His father, Tomás, was from Eskoriatza (Gipuzkoa) and his mother, Tomasa, from Ereño, Bizkaia.) When I asked about her intentions for the summer, Lydia was really excited to share with me her plans of going to the different Basque festivals. She felt extremely optimist about the future of the Basques in America. Goian bego.

Lydia-Victoria-Jausoro“Amuma Lil” at the San Inazio Festival. (Boise, Idaho. July 28th.)

On July 19th I travelled to San Francisco, where I met my very good friends of the Basque Cultural Center and the Basque Educational Organization. On this occasion, I participated at their Basque Film Series Night, by presenting “Basque Hotel” (directed by Josu Venero, 2011). 2014 will mark the 10th anniversary of Basque movie night, one of the most popular initiatives in the Basque calendar of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Bidaurreta-Anchustegui-Oiarzabal-EspinalBEOWith Basque Educational Organization directors Franxoa Bidaurreta, Esther Anchustegui Bidaurreta, and Marisa Espinal. (Basque Cultural Center, South San Francisco. July 19th. Photo courtesy of Philippe Acheritogaray.)

This summer marked my first time in the United States, twelve years ago. I have been very fortunate to experience, at first hand, the different ways that Basques and Basque-Americans enjoy and celebrate their heritage. From an institutional level, the cultural, recreational and educational organizations (NABO and its member clubs) display a wide array of initiatives that enrich the American society at large, while private ventures flourish around Basque culture: art designs (Ahizpak), photography (Argazki Lana), genealogy (The Basque Branch), imports (Etcheverry Basque Imports, The Basque Market), music (Noka, Amuma Says No), books (Center for Basque Studies), news (EuskalKazeta)… A new Basque America is born.

Eskerrik asko bihotz bihotzez eta ikusi arte.

On a personal note, our Basque blogosphere keeps growing…

Chico-Oiarzabal-ChiramberroWith Basque fellow bloggers “Hella Basque” (Anne Marie Chiramberro) and “A Basque in Boise” (Henar Chico). (Boise, Idaho. July 28th.)

[Except where otherwise noted, all photographs by Pedro J. Oiarzabal]

Creative_Commons

Etxea

En memoria de Gonzalo Melendo Quesada e Iñaki Beti

“Geográficamente, el hogar es determinado lugar de la superficie terrestre. El lugar en que me encuentro es mi “morada”; el lugar donde pienso permanecer es mi “residencia”; el lugar de donde provengo y quiero ir es mi “hogar”. Pero no es sólo el lugar mi casa, mi habitación, mi jardín, mi ciudad. Sino todo lo que representa”

(Alfred Schutz, La Vuelta al Hogar, 1974)

Todo proceso migratorio conlleva una “ganancia” pero también una “pérdida” que afectan a la propia identidad del emigrante tanto en su capacidad de adaptación al nuevo país de acogida como en su capacidad por sobrellevar la separación tanto de los familiares y amigos como de la cultura, lengua y país. ¿Qué representa el hogar tanto para los cientos de miles de emigrantes y exiliados vascos, como para aquellos que retornaron o aquellos otros que permanecieron en el país?

No es de extrañar los intentos por parte de emigrantes, exiliados y sus descendientes por querer construir un nuevo espacio donde recrear un nuevo hogar, ya sea temporal o permanente, en el que revivir lo dejado atrás y lo heredado de generación en generación. Un espacio que articula el pasado y el presente, y que se encuentra a caballo entre el país de sus antepasados y el país donde han crecido sus hijos e hijas. En sí este nuevo hogar aúna ambos mundos temporales entrelazando emocionalmente la casa abandonada por el padre y la creada para los hijos. Hogares que se multiplican en cada una de las vivencias de aquellos vascos que salieron de Euskal Herria en búsqueda de un mayor grado de felicidad, libertad o de un deseo de prosperar, formando nuevas geografías emocionales que a día de hoy vertebran las diferentes diásporas vascas.

De esta manera, no es ninguna casualidad encontrarse múltiples referencias al hogar, a la casa o etxea, a la familia, o a la amistad en las propias denominaciones de muchas asociaciones vascas del exterior como por ejemplo Hogar Vasco (Madrid), Danak Anaiak (Todos Hermanos), Euskal Anaitasuna (Fraternidad Vasca), Gure Etxe Maitea (Nuestra Amada Casa), Gure Etxea (Nuestro Hogar; General Belgrano, Buenos Aires), Euzko (Eusko) Etxea (La Casa Vasca; Santiago de Chile), Gure Eusko Tokia (Nuestro Sitio Vasco), Etxe Alai (Hogar Feliz), Txoko Alai (Rincón Feliz; Miami), Eusko Aterpea (El Refugio Vasco), Gure Baserria (Nuestro Caserío); Lagun Onak (Buenos Amigos; Las Vegas), Gure Txoko (Nuestro Rincón; Sídney), Euskal Lagunak (Amigos Vascos), o Txoko Lagunartea (El Rincón del Grupo de Amigos).

DSC05268“Gure Euskal Etxea”. Basque Cultural Center, San Francisco (Fotografía: Pedro J. Oiarzabal).

Y el transcurso del tiempo hace que el sentimiento de pertenencia con respecto al país de adopción pueda extenderse y arraigarse entre aquellos emigrantes que optaron por no marcar en el calendario una fecha definitiva de regreso. Una permanencia que da lugar a diversas formas de sentirse y de entender una identidad entre dos culturas y dos hogares siempre cambiantes, y que a la vez se hacen cercanos y lejanos, y que a la vez son conocidos y extraños. Este es el caso de Gonzalo Melendo, andaluz de Córdoba y vasco de adopción. Fue fundador de la Casa Andaluza de Sestao (1984) y su presidente durante 23 años. Falleció el pasado mes de febrero en Madrid a la edad de 75 años. Su última voluntad fue la de ser enterrado en Sestao, en la tierra en la que vivió felizmente durante décadas.

¿Y cuál fue el hogar para aquellos vascos que regresaron a Euskal Herria?

Por ejemplo, según cuenta Koldo San Sebastián, José Hipólito Amias Foruria, nacido en Ispaster (Bizkaia) en 1876, emigró con la edad de 20 años a Estados Unidos, donde fue pastor en el Condado de Malheur del Estado de Oregón. Tras años de estancia en América decidió regresar. En Ispaster construyó un nuevo hogar, una casa solariega a la que llamó “Oregon”. En  la misma localidad de la comarca de Lea Artibai se alza una casa que lleva por nombre “Nevada”, gemela a la de la familia Amias. En la actualidad, en el Condado de Washoe del Estado de Nevada hay una pequeña carretera que lleva por nombre “Ispaster”…a su lado las calles “Navarra”, “Lesaka”, “Pyrenees”, “Euskera”…nos recuerdan la presencia de aquellos vascos que dejaron de transitar esas tierras tiempo atrás, poniendo fin, quizás, a su aventura en América.

Y para vosotros ¿qué es el hogar? ¿Dónde se encuentra vuestro hogar?

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